Óû§Ãû£ºlwqoÀ´×Ôby
SQLÓï¾äÏÈǰдµÄʱºò£¬ºÜÈÝÒ×°ÑÒ»Ð©ÌØÊâµÄÓ÷¨Íü¼Ç£¬ÎÒÌØ´ËÕûÀíÁËÒ»ÏÂSQΣLÓï¾ä²Ù×÷£¬·½±ã×Ô¼ºÐ´SQLʱÔÙ´ú»¥ËßÏã²ÙѪ¾³²ÝÈý·½±ãÒ»µã£¬ÏëÌùÉÏÀ´£¬Ò»Æð¿´¿´£¬Í¬Ê±Ï£Íû´ó¼ÒÄÜ**ͬ¶à¶àÌáÒâ¼û£¬Ò²¸øÎÒÁôһЩ¸üºÃµÄ¼Ñ¾ä£¬ÕûÀíÒ»·Ý¡«ÃîSQLËÙ²éÊֲᡷ£¬²»Áߴͽ̣¡
Ò»¡¢»ù´¡
1¡¢ËµÃ÷£º´´½¨**¿â
CREATEDATABA**database-name
2¡¢ËµÃ÷£ºÉ¾³ý**¿â
dropdatabasedbname
3¡¢ËµÃ÷£º±¸·Ýsqlserver
---´´½¨±¸·Ý**µÄdevice
U**master
EXECsp_ad**mpdevicÎÊ´ðe'disk','testBack','c:/mssql7backup/MyNwindÓà³å¸±_1.dat'
---¿ªÊ¼±¸·Ý
BACKUPDATABA**pubsTOte³ÆÑ§·´·¹Ëû³ªÖ³¶Ëֵ˫stBack
4¡¢ËµÃ÷£º´´½¨Ð±í
createtabletabna˵¿Ëme(col1type1[not**llÊ©×÷½ð¿îǰµ½ºô][primarykey],col2type2[notnull],..)
¸ù¾ÝÒÑÓÐµÄ±í´´½¨ÐÂ±í£º
AÄcreatetabletab_newliketab_old(ʹÓÃ¾É±í´´½¨Ð±í)
B£ºcreatetabletab_newasselectcol1,col2…fromtab_olddefinitiononly
5¡¢ËµÃ÷£ºÉ¾³ýбí
droptabletabname
6¼Ã¿ìÆÕÆëÀúÌø¡¢ËµÃ÷£ºÔö¼ÓÒ»¸öÁÐ
Altertabletabnameaddcolumncoltype
×¢£ºÁÐÔö¼Óºó½«²»ÄÜɾ³ý¡£DB2ÖÐÁмÓÉϺó**ÀàÐÍÒ²²»Äܸı䣬ΨһÄܸıäµÄÊÇÔö¼ÓvarcharÀàÐ͵ij¤¶È¡£
7¡¢ËµÃ÷£ºÌí¼ÓÖ÷¼ü£ºAltertabletabnameaddprimarykey(col)
˵Ã÷£ºÉ¾³ýÖ÷¼ü£ºAltertabletabnamedropprimarykey(col)
8¡¢ËµÃ÷£º´´½¨Ë÷Òý£ºcreate[unique]indexidxnameontabname(col….)
ɾ³ýË÷Òý£ºdropindexidxname
×¢£ºË÷ÒýÊDz»¿É¸ü¸ÄµÄ£¬Ïë¸üÆÀÏë¹Å±¾»ÊÖÁÎȺͳÁ¸Ä±ØÐëɾ³ýÖØÐ½¨¡£
9¡¢ËµÃ÷£º´´½¨ÊÓͼ£ºcreate¶û¸®¹**Æviewviewnameasselectstatement
ɾ³ýÊÓͼ£ºdropviewviewname
10¡¢ËµÃ÷£º¼¸¸ö¼òµ¥µÄ»ù±¾µÄsqlÓï¿éËßÑõÕ½¶ÁÀ¾ä
Ñ¡Ôñ£ºselect*fromtable1where·¶Î§
²åÈ룺insertintotable1(field1,field2)values(vÇÐѧalue1,value2)
ɾ³ý¼Á£ºdeletefromtable1where·¶Î§
¸üУº¶ËÃÅÏÊ»òµ±Ã˼¼updatetable1setfield¶ø¶½±ã³ª±£1=value1where·¶Î§
²éÕÒ£ºselect*fromtable1wherefield1like’%value1%’---likeµÄÓï·¨ºÜ¾«Ã²é**!
ÅÅÐò£ºselect*fromtable1ordeÐû²ÝÖÁ¸úÂÉ»Ørbyfield1,f×ÖÂíÆÆÎÀËõÄÜÓ¢¼¾·ÊÕùield2[desc]
×ÜÊý£ºÑõ¹óÀֱȼ°´¬¿Ú¹»Ñõ´¹selectcountastotalcountfromtable1
ÇóºÍ£ºselectsum(field1)assumvaluefromtable1
ƽ¾ù£ºselect**g(field1)as****aluefromtable1
×î´ó£ºselectmax(field1)asmaxvaluefromtable1
×îС£ºselectmin(field1)asminvaluefromtable1
11¡¢ËµÃ÷£º¼¸¸ö¸ß¼¶²éѯÔËËã´Ê
A£ºUNIONÔËËã·û
UNIONÔËËã·ûͨ¹ý×éºÏÆäËûÁ½¸ö½á¹û±í£¨ÀýÈçTABLE1ºÍTABLE2£©²¢ÏûÈ¥±íÖÐÈκÎÖØ¸´ÐжøÅÉÉú³öÒ»¸ö½á¹û±í¡£µ±ALLËæUNIONÒ»ÆðʹÓÃʱ£¨¼´UNIONALL£©£¬²»Ïû³ýÖØ¸´ÐС£Á½ÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬ÅÉÉú±íµÄÿһÐв»ÊÇÀ´×ÔTABLE1¾ÍÊÇÀ´×ÔTABLE2¡£
B£ºEXCEPTÔËËã·û
EXCEPTÔËËã·ûͨ¹ý°üÀ¨ËùÓÐÔÚTABLE1Öе«²»ÔÚTABLE2ÖеÄÐв¢Ïû³ýËùÓÐÖØ¸´ÐжøÅÉÉú³öÒ»¸ö½á¹û±í¡£µ±ALLËæEXCEPTÒ»ÆðʹÓÃʱ(EXCEPTALL)£¬²»Ïû³ýÖØ¸´ÐС£
C£ºINTER**CTÔËËã·û
INTER**CTÔËËã·ûͨ¹ýÖ»°üÀ¨TABLE1ºÍTABLE2Öж¼ÓеÄÐв¢Ïû³ýËùÓÐÖØ¸´ÐжøÅÉÉú³öÒ»¸ö½á¹û±í¡£µ±ALLËæINTER**CTÒ»ÆðʹÓÃʱ(INTER**CTALL)£¬²»Ïû³ýÖØ¸´ÐС£
×¢£ºÊ¹ÓÃÔËËã´ÊµÄ¼¸¸ö²éѯ½á¹ûÐбØÐëÊÇÒ»Öµġ£
12¡¢ËµÃ÷£ºÊ¹ÓÃÍâÁ¬½Ó
A¡¢leftouterjoin£º
×óÍâÁ¬½Ó£¨×óÁ¬½Ó£©£º½á¹û¼¯¼¸°üÀ¨Á¬½Ó±íµÄÆ¥ÅäÐУ¬Ò²°üÀ¨×óÁ¬½Ó±íµÄËùÓÐÐС£
SQL:selecta.a,a.b,a.c,b.c,b.d,b.ffromaLEFTOUTJOINbONa.a=b.c
B£ºrightouterjoin:
ÓÒÍâÁ¬½Ó(ÓÒÁ¬½Ó)£º½á¹û¼¯¼È°üÀ¨Á¬½Ó±íµÄÆ¥ÅäÁ¬½ÓÐУ¬Ò²°üÀ¨ÓÒÁ¬½Ó±íµÄËùÓÐÐС£
C£ºfullouterjoin£º
È«ÍâÁ¬½Ó£º²»½ö°üÀ¨·ûºÅÁ¬½Ó±íµÄÆ¥ÅäÐУ¬»¹°üÀ¨Á½¸öÁ¬½Ó±íÖеÄËùÓмǼ¡£
¶þ¡¢ÌáÉý
1¡¢ËµÃ÷£º¸´ÖƱí(Ö»¸´Öƽṹ,Ô´±íÃû£ºaбíÃû£ºb)(Access¿ÉÓÃ)
·¨Ò»£ºselect*intobfromawhere1<>1
·¨¶þ£ºselecttop0*intobfroma
2¡¢ËµÃ÷£º¿½±´±í(¿½±´**,Ô´±íÃû£ºaÄ¿±ê±íÃû£ºb)(Access¿ÉÓÃ)
insertintob(a,b,c)selectd,e,ffromb;
3¡¢ËµÃ÷£º¿ç**¿âÖ®¼ä±íµÄ¿½±´(¾ßÌå**ʹÓþø¶Ô·¾¶)(Access¿ÉÓÃ)
insertintob(a,b,c)selectd,e,ffrombin‘¾ßÌå**¿â’whereÌõ¼þ
Àý×Ó£º..frombin'"&Server.MapPath(".")&"/data.mdb"&"'where..
4¡¢ËµÃ÷£º×Ó²éѯ(±íÃû1£ºa±íÃû2£ºb)
selecta,b,cfromawhereaIN(selectdfromb)»òÕß:selecta,b,cfromawhereaIN(1,2,3)
5¡¢ËµÃ÷£ºÏÔʾÎÄÕ¡¢Ìá½»È˺Í×îºó»Ø¸´Ê±¼ä
selecta.title,a.username,b.adddatefromtablea,(selectmax(adddate)adddatefromtablewheretable.title=a.title)b
6¡¢ËµÃ÷£ºÍâÁ¬½Ó²éѯ(±íÃû1£ºa±íÃû2£ºb)
selecta.a,a.b,a.c,b.c,b.d,b.ffromaLEFTOUTJOINbONa.a=b.c
7¡¢ËµÃ÷£º**ÊÓͼ²éѯ(±íÃû1£ºa)
select*from(**LECTa,b,cFROMa)Twheret.a>1;
8¡¢ËµÃ÷£ºbetweenµÄÓ÷¨,betweenÏÞÖÆ²éѯ**·¶Î§Ê±°üÀ¨Á˱߽çÖµ,notbetween²»°üÀ¨
select*fromtable1wheretimebetweentime1andtime2
selecta,b,c,fromtable1whereanotbetweenÊýÖµ1andÊýÖµ2